Notify of pokes and private messages on the desktop

While none of the client's windows has the focus, a poke or a private
message shows a desktop notification, which the desktop's notification
centre keeps. A private conversation keeps one notification, updated as
messages come; clicking it brings the window forward with that chat open,
and they all go once a window of the client is in front again.

On Linux they go to the freedesktop.org notification service, spoken to
over the session bus by a small D-Bus client of our own on Java's Unix
sockets, so no library or native code is involved; Plasma also takes a
reply typed into the notification. Elsewhere they are AWT tray messages,
which Windows and macOS put in their notification centres. The options
can turn them off.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-09-26 15:20:51 +00:00
parent a6efc0b8da
commit 02ff63341e
14 changed files with 1019 additions and 5 deletions

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package com.ts3client.notify.desktop;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.StandardProtocolFamily;
import java.net.UnixDomainSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HexFormat;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
/**
* A connection to the user's D-Bus session bus, spoken directly over its Unix socket:
* method calls and the signals a match rule lets through, which is all a client of a
* desktop service needs. Signals and replies are read on a thread of its own.
*/
final class DBusConnection implements AutoCloseable {
private static final String BUS = "org.freedesktop.DBus";
private static final long CALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 3_000;
/** A signal from the bus. */
interface SignalHandler {
void signal(String iface, String member, List<Object> args);
}
private final SocketChannel channel;
private final AtomicLong serials = new AtomicLong();
private final Map<Long, CompletableFuture<List<Object>>> pending = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private volatile SignalHandler signals = (iface, member, args) -> { };
private volatile boolean closed;
private DBusConnection(SocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
/** Connects to the session bus named by {@code DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS}, or the usual socket. */
static DBusConnection session() throws IOException {
Path socket = sessionSocket();
if (socket == null) throw new IOException("No D-Bus session bus socket");
SocketChannel channel = SocketChannel.open(StandardProtocolFamily.UNIX);
try {
channel.connect(UnixDomainSocketAddress.of(socket));
authenticate(channel);
DBusConnection bus = new DBusConnection(channel);
Thread reader = new Thread(bus::readLoop, "dbus-reader");
reader.setDaemon(true);
reader.start();
bus.call(BUS, "/org/freedesktop/DBus", BUS, "Hello", "");
return bus;
} catch (IOException | RuntimeException e) {
channel.close();
throw e;
}
}
private static Path sessionSocket() {
String address = System.getenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS");
if (address != null) {
for (String entry : address.split(";")) {
if (!entry.startsWith("unix:")) continue;
for (String pair : entry.substring(5).split(",")) {
// An abstract socket (unix:abstract=) is out of reach of Java's Unix sockets.
if (pair.startsWith("path=")) return Path.of(unescape(pair.substring(5)));
}
}
}
String runtime = System.getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
if (runtime == null) return null;
Path socket = Path.of(runtime, "bus");
return Files.exists(socket) ? socket : null;
}
/** Undoes the %xx escaping of D-Bus addresses. */
private static String unescape(String value) {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
char c = value.charAt(i);
if (c == '%' && i + 2 < value.length()) {
out.append((char) Integer.parseInt(value.substring(i + 1, i + 3), 16));
i += 2;
} else {
out.append(c);
}
}
return out.toString();
}
/** The EXTERNAL mechanism: the bus checks the socket's peer credentials against our uid. */
private static void authenticate(SocketChannel channel) throws IOException {
Object uid = Files.getAttribute(Path.of("/proc/self"), "unix:uid");
String hexUid = HexFormat.of().formatHex(uid.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII));
write(channel, "\0AUTH EXTERNAL " + hexUid + "\r\n");
String reply = readLine(channel);
if (!reply.startsWith("OK ")) throw new IOException("D-Bus refused authentication: " + reply);
write(channel, "BEGIN\r\n");
}
private static void write(SocketChannel channel, String line) throws IOException {
ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.wrap(line.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII));
while (b.hasRemaining()) channel.write(b);
}
private static String readLine(SocketChannel channel) throws IOException {
StringBuilder line = new StringBuilder();
ByteBuffer one = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
while (!line.toString().endsWith("\r\n")) {
one.clear();
if (channel.read(one) < 0) throw new EOFException("D-Bus closed during authentication");
line.append((char) one.get(0));
}
return line.substring(0, line.length() - 2);
}
void onSignal(SignalHandler handler) {
this.signals = handler;
}
/** Lets the bus route the signals a match rule describes to this connection. */
void addMatch(String rule) throws IOException {
call(BUS, "/org/freedesktop/DBus", BUS, "AddMatch", "s", rule);
}
/** Calls a method and waits for its reply's arguments. */
List<Object> call(String destination, String path, String iface, String member, String signature,
Object... args) throws IOException {
long serial = serials.incrementAndGet();
CompletableFuture<List<Object>> reply = new CompletableFuture<>();
pending.put(serial, reply);
try {
byte[] message = DBusWire.methodCall(serial, destination, path, iface, member, signature, args);
synchronized (channel) {
ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.wrap(message);
while (b.hasRemaining()) channel.write(b);
}
return reply.get(CALL_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
throw new IOException(e.getCause().getMessage(), e.getCause());
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
throw new IOException(member + " got no reply", e);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
throw new IOException("Interrupted", e);
} finally {
pending.remove(serial);
}
}
private void readLoop() {
try {
ByteBuffer header = ByteBuffer.allocate(DBusWire.FIXED_HEADER);
while (!closed) {
header.clear();
readFully(header);
ByteBuffer message = ByteBuffer.allocate(DBusWire.messageLength(header));
message.put(header.flip());
readFully(message);
dispatch(DBusWire.parse(message.array()));
}
} catch (IOException | RuntimeException e) {
if (!closed) System.err.println("D-Bus connection lost: " + e);
} finally {
closed = true;
pending.values().forEach(f -> f.completeExceptionally(new IOException("D-Bus connection closed")));
}
}
private void readFully(ByteBuffer b) throws IOException {
while (b.hasRemaining()) {
if (channel.read(b) < 0) throw new EOFException("D-Bus closed the connection");
}
}
private void dispatch(DBusWire.Message m) {
switch (m.type()) {
case DBusWire.METHOD_RETURN -> {
CompletableFuture<List<Object>> reply = pending.get(m.replySerial());
if (reply != null) reply.complete(m.body());
}
case DBusWire.ERROR -> {
CompletableFuture<List<Object>> reply = pending.get(m.replySerial());
String detail = m.body().isEmpty() ? "" : ": " + m.body().getFirst();
if (reply != null) reply.completeExceptionally(new IOException(m.string(DBusWire.FIELD_ERROR_NAME) + detail));
}
case DBusWire.SIGNAL -> {
try {
signals.signal(m.string(DBusWire.FIELD_INTERFACE), m.string(DBusWire.FIELD_MEMBER), m.body());
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
System.err.println("D-Bus signal handler failed: " + e);
}
}
default -> { }
}
}
@Override
public void close() {
closed = true;
try {
channel.close();
} catch (IOException ignored) {
// Nothing left to release.
}
}
}

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package com.ts3client.notify.desktop;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* The D-Bus wire format, for the handful of types a notification service speaks:
* basic types, arrays, structs, dictionaries and variants.
*
* <p>Values map to Java as: {@code y} Integer, {@code b} Boolean, {@code i} Integer,
* {@code u} Long, {@code s o g} String, {@code a} List (or Map for a dictionary),
* a struct Object[], a variant the value it holds.
*/
final class DBusWire {
static final int METHOD_CALL = 1;
static final int METHOD_RETURN = 2;
static final int ERROR = 3;
static final int SIGNAL = 4;
static final int FIELD_PATH = 1;
static final int FIELD_INTERFACE = 2;
static final int FIELD_MEMBER = 3;
static final int FIELD_ERROR_NAME = 4;
static final int FIELD_REPLY_SERIAL = 5;
static final int FIELD_DESTINATION = 6;
static final int FIELD_SIGNATURE = 8;
/** Everything before the header fields: byte order, type, flags, version and three lengths. */
static final int FIXED_HEADER = 16;
private DBusWire() {
}
/** A message as read off the bus. */
record Message(int type, long serial, Map<Integer, Object> fields, List<Object> body) {
String string(int field) {
Object value = fields.get(field);
return value instanceof String s ? s : null;
}
long replySerial() {
return fields.get(FIELD_REPLY_SERIAL) instanceof Long l ? l : -1;
}
}
/** Builds a method call; the body is written after the header, aligned to 8 as the format wants. */
static byte[] methodCall(long serial, String destination, String path, String iface, String member,
String signature, Object... args) {
Writer body = new Writer();
body.values(signature, args);
Writer out = new Writer();
out.put('l');
out.put(METHOD_CALL);
out.put(0);
out.put(1);
out.u32(body.size());
out.u32(serial);
out.array(8, () -> {
out.field(FIELD_PATH, "o", path);
out.field(FIELD_DESTINATION, "s", destination);
out.field(FIELD_INTERFACE, "s", iface);
out.field(FIELD_MEMBER, "s", member);
if (!signature.isEmpty()) out.field(FIELD_SIGNATURE, "g", signature);
});
out.align(8);
out.bytes(body.toBytes());
return out.toBytes();
}
/** @return the length of the whole message whose fixed header this is */
static int messageLength(ByteBuffer fixedHeader) {
ByteBuffer b = fixedHeader.duplicate().order(order(fixedHeader.get(0)));
int body = b.getInt(4);
int fields = b.getInt(12);
return pad8(FIXED_HEADER + fields) + body;
}
static Message parse(byte[] data) {
Reader r = new Reader(ByteBuffer.wrap(data).order(order(data[0])));
r.skip(1);
int type = r.buf.get() & 0xff;
r.skip(2);
int bodyLength = r.buf.getInt();
long serial = Integer.toUnsignedLong(r.buf.getInt());
Map<Integer, Object> fields = new java.util.HashMap<>();
for (Object field : (List<?>) r.read("a(yv)")) {
Object[] pair = (Object[]) field;
fields.put((Integer) pair[0], pair[1]);
}
r.align(8);
String signature = fields.get(FIELD_SIGNATURE) instanceof String s ? s : "";
List<Object> body = new ArrayList<>();
int end = r.buf.position() + bodyLength;
for (int i = 0; i < signature.length() && r.buf.position() < end; ) {
int next = typeEnd(signature, i);
body.add(r.read(signature.substring(i, next)));
i = next;
}
return new Message(type, serial, fields, body);
}
private static ByteOrder order(byte marker) {
return marker == 'B' ? ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN : ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN;
}
private static int pad8(int n) {
return (n + 7) & ~7;
}
/** @return the index just past the single complete type starting at {@code start} */
static int typeEnd(String signature, int start) {
char c = signature.charAt(start);
if (c == 'a') return typeEnd(signature, start + 1);
if (c == '(' || c == '{') {
char close = c == '(' ? ')' : '}';
int i = start + 1;
while (signature.charAt(i) != close) i = typeEnd(signature, i);
return i + 1;
}
return start + 1;
}
static int alignment(char type) {
return switch (type) {
case 'y', 'g', 'v' -> 1;
case 'n', 'q' -> 2;
case 'x', 't', 'd', '(', '{' -> 8;
default -> 4;
};
}
/** Marshals values; positions count from the start of what it writes. */
static final class Writer {
private byte[] buf = new byte[256];
private int pos;
int size() {
return pos;
}
byte[] toBytes() {
return Arrays.copyOf(buf, pos);
}
void put(int b) {
if (pos == buf.length) buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, buf.length * 2);
buf[pos++] = (byte) b;
}
void bytes(byte[] b) {
for (byte x : b) put(x);
}
void align(int n) {
while (pos % n != 0) put(0);
}
void u32(long v) {
align(4);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) put((int) (v >>> (8 * i)));
}
private void setU32(int at, long v) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) buf[at + i] = (byte) (v >>> (8 * i));
}
void string(String s) {
byte[] b = s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
u32(b.length);
bytes(b);
put(0);
}
void signature(String s) {
byte[] b = s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
put(b.length);
bytes(b);
put(0);
}
/** An array; the length leaves out the padding before its first element. */
void array(int elementAlignment, Runnable elements) {
u32(0);
int lengthAt = pos - 4;
align(elementAlignment);
int start = pos;
elements.run();
setU32(lengthAt, pos - start);
}
void field(int code, String signature, Object value) {
align(8);
put(code);
signature(signature);
value(signature, value);
}
void values(String signature, Object... values) {
int v = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < signature.length(); v++) {
int next = typeEnd(signature, i);
value(signature.substring(i, next), values[v]);
i = next;
}
}
void value(String type, Object value) {
char c = type.charAt(0);
align(alignment(c));
switch (c) {
case 'y' -> put(((Number) value).intValue());
case 'b' -> u32((Boolean) value ? 1 : 0);
case 'i' -> u32(((Number) value).intValue() & 0xffffffffL);
case 'u' -> u32(((Number) value).longValue());
case 's', 'o' -> string((String) value);
case 'g' -> signature((String) value);
case 'v' -> {
String inner = variantType(value);
signature(inner);
value(inner, value);
}
case 'a' -> {
String element = type.substring(1);
array(alignment(element.charAt(0)), () -> {
if (element.charAt(0) == '{') {
String key = element.substring(1, typeEnd(element, 1));
String val = element.substring(1 + key.length(), element.length() - 1);
for (Map.Entry<?, ?> e : ((Map<?, ?>) value).entrySet()) {
align(8);
value(key, e.getKey());
value(val, e.getValue());
}
} else {
for (Object item : (List<?>) value) value(element, item);
}
});
}
default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot write D-Bus type " + type);
}
}
private static String variantType(Object value) {
if (value instanceof String) return "s";
if (value instanceof Boolean) return "b";
if (value instanceof Byte) return "y";
if (value instanceof Integer) return "i";
if (value instanceof Long) return "u";
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No D-Bus type for " + value.getClass());
}
}
/** Unmarshals values; alignment counts from the start of the message. */
static final class Reader {
final ByteBuffer buf;
Reader(ByteBuffer buf) {
this.buf = buf;
}
void skip(int n) {
buf.position(buf.position() + n);
}
void align(int n) {
int p = buf.position();
buf.position((p + n - 1) / n * n);
}
Object read(String type) {
char c = type.charAt(0);
align(alignment(c));
return switch (c) {
case 'y' -> buf.get() & 0xff;
case 'b' -> buf.getInt() != 0;
case 'n' -> (int) buf.getShort();
case 'q' -> buf.getShort() & 0xffff;
case 'i' -> buf.getInt();
case 'u' -> Integer.toUnsignedLong(buf.getInt());
case 'x', 't' -> buf.getLong();
case 'd' -> buf.getDouble();
case 's', 'o' -> text(buf.getInt());
case 'g' -> text(buf.get() & 0xff);
case 'v' -> read((String) read("g"));
case 'a' -> {
int length = buf.getInt();
String element = type.substring(1, typeEnd(type, 1));
align(alignment(element.charAt(0)));
int end = buf.position() + length;
List<Object> items = new ArrayList<>();
while (buf.position() < end) items.add(read(element));
yield items;
}
case '(', '{' -> {
List<Object> members = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 1; i < type.length() - 1; ) {
int next = typeEnd(type, i);
members.add(read(type.substring(i, next)));
i = next;
}
yield members.toArray();
}
default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot read D-Bus type " + type);
};
}
private String text(int length) {
byte[] b = new byte[length];
buf.get(b);
buf.get(); // the terminating NUL
return new String(b, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
}
}

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package com.ts3client.notify.desktop;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
/**
* The desktop's own notifications — the ones its notification centre collects. Calls
* may block on the desktop, so they belong off the event thread; the callbacks come
* on a thread of the implementation's.
*/
public interface DesktopNotifications {
/**
* @param title the headline, such as who a message is from
* @param body plain text
* @param onOpen run when the user clicks the notification
* @param onReply given the text typed into the notification, where {@link #canReply()}; may be {@code null}
*/
record Notice(String title, String body, Runnable onOpen, Consumer<String> onReply) {
}
/**
* Shows a notice, in place of an earlier one still on screen.
*
* @param replaces what an earlier call returned, or 0
* @return the notice's id for {@link #close} and later replacement, or 0 if it could not be shown
*/
int show(Notice notice, int replaces);
/** Takes a notice away, from the notification centre too. */
void close(int id);
/** Whether a notice can take a reply typed into it. */
boolean canReply();
void shutdown();
}

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package com.ts3client.notify.desktop;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* Notifications through the freedesktop.org notification service, which every Linux
* desktop (Plasma, GNOME, XFCE, a standalone daemon such as dunst) provides on the
* session bus. Plasma also takes a reply typed into the notification.
*/
public final class FreedesktopNotifications implements DesktopNotifications {
private static final String SERVICE = "org.freedesktop.Notifications";
private static final String PATH = "/org/freedesktop/Notifications";
private static final String DEFAULT_ACTION = "default";
/** Plasma's extension for a reply field in the notification. */
private static final String REPLY_ACTION = "inline-reply";
private final DBusConnection bus;
private final String appName;
private final String desktopEntry;
private final String icon;
private final boolean markup;
private final boolean reply;
/** The notices on screen, by the id the service gave them. */
private final Map<Long, Notice> shown = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
/**
* @param desktopEntry the name of the application's {@code .desktop} file, without the
* extension; the desktop takes the application's name and icon from it
* @param icon an icon file, for services that do not look at the desktop entry
* @return the service, or {@code null} where there is none to reach
*/
public static FreedesktopNotifications connect(String appName, String desktopEntry, String icon) {
DBusConnection bus = null;
try {
bus = DBusConnection.session();
List<?> capabilities = (List<?>) bus.call(SERVICE, PATH, SERVICE, "GetCapabilities", "").getFirst();
bus.addMatch("type='signal',interface='" + SERVICE + "'");
return new FreedesktopNotifications(bus, appName, desktopEntry, icon, capabilities);
} catch (IOException | RuntimeException e) {
System.err.println("Desktop notifications unavailable: " + e.getMessage());
if (bus != null) bus.close();
return null;
}
}
private FreedesktopNotifications(DBusConnection bus, String appName, String desktopEntry, String icon,
List<?> capabilities) {
this.bus = bus;
this.appName = appName;
this.desktopEntry = desktopEntry;
this.icon = icon == null ? "" : icon;
this.markup = capabilities.contains("body-markup");
this.reply = capabilities.contains(REPLY_ACTION);
bus.onSignal(this::signal);
}
@Override
public boolean canReply() {
return reply;
}
@Override
public int show(Notice notice, int replaces) {
List<String> actions = new ArrayList<>(List.of(DEFAULT_ACTION, "Open"));
if (reply && notice.onReply() != null) actions.addAll(List.of(REPLY_ACTION, "Reply"));
Map<String, Object> hints = new LinkedHashMap<>();
hints.put("desktop-entry", desktopEntry);
hints.put("category", "im.received");
// The client plays the sound pack's own sound for whatever it notifies of.
hints.put("suppress-sound", true);
try {
long id = (Long) bus.call(SERVICE, PATH, SERVICE, "Notify", "susssasa{sv}i",
appName, (long) replaces, icon, notice.title(),
markup ? escape(notice.body()) : notice.body(), actions, hints, -1).getFirst();
shown.remove((long) replaces);
shown.put(id, notice);
return (int) id;
} catch (IOException | RuntimeException e) {
System.err.println("Cannot show a notification: " + e.getMessage());
return 0;
}
}
@Override
public void close(int id) {
if (shown.remove((long) id) == null) return;
try {
bus.call(SERVICE, PATH, SERVICE, "CloseNotification", "u", (long) id);
} catch (IOException e) {
// Gone with the service; nothing to take away.
}
}
@Override
public void shutdown() {
for (Long id : List.copyOf(shown.keySet())) close(id.intValue());
bus.close();
}
private void signal(String iface, String member, List<Object> args) {
if (!SERVICE.equals(iface) || args.isEmpty() || !(args.getFirst() instanceof Long id)) return;
switch (member) {
case "ActionInvoked" -> {
Notice notice = shown.get(id);
if (notice != null && DEFAULT_ACTION.equals(args.get(1))) notice.onOpen().run();
}
case "NotificationReplied" -> {
Notice notice = shown.get(id);
if (notice != null && notice.onReply() != null) notice.onReply().accept((String) args.get(1));
}
case "NotificationClosed" -> shown.remove(id);
default -> { }
}
}
/** The body is markup where the service says so; message text must not turn into any. */
private static String escape(String text) {
return text.replace("&", "&amp;").replace("<", "&lt;").replace(">", "&gt;");
}
}

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package com.ts3client.notify.desktop;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
class DBusWireTest {
@Test
void methodCallReadsBackAsWritten() {
Map<String, Object> hints = new LinkedHashMap<>();
hints.put("desktop-entry", "ts3j-client");
hints.put("suppress-sound", true);
byte[] message = DBusWire.methodCall(7, "org.freedesktop.Notifications", "/org/freedesktop/Notifications",
"org.freedesktop.Notifications", "Notify", "susssasa{sv}i",
"TS3J", 3L, "", "Bob", "Hi ž", List.of("default", "Open"), hints, -1);
assertEquals(message.length, DBusWire.messageLength(ByteBuffer.wrap(message, 0, DBusWire.FIXED_HEADER)));
DBusWire.Message m = DBusWire.parse(message);
assertEquals(DBusWire.METHOD_CALL, m.type());
assertEquals(7, m.serial());
assertEquals("Notify", m.string(DBusWire.FIELD_MEMBER));
assertEquals("/org/freedesktop/Notifications", m.string(DBusWire.FIELD_PATH));
assertEquals("TS3J", m.body().get(0));
assertEquals(3L, m.body().get(1));
assertEquals("Hi ž", m.body().get(4));
assertEquals(List.of("default", "Open"), m.body().get(5));
List<?> entries = (List<?>) m.body().get(6);
assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"desktop-entry", "ts3j-client"}, (Object[]) entries.get(0));
assertArrayEquals(new Object[]{"suppress-sound", true}, (Object[]) entries.get(1));
assertEquals(-1, m.body().get(7));
}
@Test
void completeTypesAreDelimited() {
assertEquals(1, DBusWire.typeEnd("su", 0));
assertEquals(5, DBusWire.typeEnd("a{sv}i", 0));
assertEquals(5, DBusWire.typeEnd("a(yv)s", 0));
assertEquals(3, DBusWire.typeEnd("aasu", 1));
}
}